rap music

New publication in journal of Counseling Psychology: “Girl, I think my butt gettin’ big”: The importance of “thickness” in music videos for Dutch Black and White women’s body image.

Abstract

U.S. commercial women rappers often promote a “thick hourglass” body ideal in their music. This qualitative study, guided by social comparison theory and self-discrepancy theory, explores how 10 Black and 10 White Dutch women rap fans, aged 18–25, compared their actual body image with this ideal and the emotional consequences that result. A hybrid comparative thematic analysis revealed that both Black and White respondents view the thick ideal as dominant in women rap and part of Black culture. They consider it a standard of beauty and sexiness, when achieved naturally and not through plastic surgery. Comparing their actual body image to this ideal can evoke positive outcomes, such as body satisfaction and the motivation to work toward this ideal through exercise or by choosing clothing that better expresses it. However, it can also lead to negative body images and emotions, such as insecurity, especially when this ideal is perceived as difficult or impossible to attain, or when peers or family expect conformity to this ideal. For Black women, comparison to the thick ideal may result in more positive outcomes, and this ideal is more frequently endorsed by their social context compared with White women. These findings indicate that for rap fans, the Afrocentric thick ideal is more relevant than a Eurocentric thin ideal, highlighting the importance of developing healthy body interventions targeting gender and cultural and contextual beliefs. Further, this knowledge can increase practitioners’ ability to integrate an influential media genre when working with young adults across different cultures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Click here to read the article.

Journal of Counseling Psychology

KIM and the NWO-funded research project Re/Presenting Europe

For the NWO-funded research project Re/Presenting Europe, Jonathan Donken (LKCA) and Kim Dankoor visited the Hip Hop archives of Harvard University, Cornell University, and the University of Massachusetts. They also paid a visit to the Hip Hop museum, the Hip Hop Education Center, and Obsessive Sneaker Disorder/the CommUNITY Academy. Their qualitative Hip Hop archival research (interviews with Hip Hop scholars and experts) will be part of a white paper.
Re/Presenting Europe aims to make Dutch representations of Europeanness more inclusive. Hip Hop is one of the themes. See re-presenting.nl for more info.

Wetenschappelijke publicatie (deel proefschrift): Drip too hard? Commercial Rap Music and Perceived Masculinity Ideals and Actual Self-Evaluations among Black U.S. and Dutch Adolescent Men

‘Popular American commercial rap is believed to (re)produce cultural narratives of masculinity. Yet, there is no knowledge about the relationship between consumption of idealized masculinity in rap and young (Black) men’s senses of masculine selves. This study aims to explore how sixteen American and Dutch Black adolescent men perceive ideals of masculine behavior, physical appearance, and mate desirability in commercial rap. Grounded in social comparison theory, it furthermore aims to understand whether these young men compare themselves to these ideals, and if so, how this informs their self-evaluations.’

Click here to read the full article.

Radio interview Atlanta (Real Talk Real Stories with Edrinna Marie)

Kick-off project “Telling the stories of the people in the West-End”

KIM as a podcast guest

Being a guest on the ‘We kill Cowboys’ #podcast was awesome! We talked about the state of Hip Hop culture, its political/societal implications, academics & global politics. Check out these Morehouse men’s podcast based in Atlanta!

Georgia State University students interview KIM

Bachelor journalism students interviewed Kim Dankoor about her views on Hip Hop culture (i.e. representations in commercial rap, underground rap around the world, the ‘2019 Grammy wins’ the Gucci boycott, and the future of this culture), the current state of journalism, stereotypes in popular media, and global politics. They also asked her questions about her career, her purpose in life and how she strives to make a difference in the media world. They were also curious about the cultural differences between the Netherlands, Suriname, and the United States. Kim’s interview will be published in print.

Thank you for allowing our class to interview you! I really appreciate your response to my question about why focus on contemporary Hip Hop as the medium for social change. (Vanessa, student and social media manager).

 

 

Am I feeling myself? Rap music videos’ influence on adolescents’ concepts of self.

A few media studies have investigated cognitive processes of involvement with characters in rap music videos. The retentional process of parasocial interaction (when you feel you have a social relationship with the music artists similar to that of a friend, peer of counselor) is a necessary component of fandom (Kistler & Lee, 2009). Among the male participants in Kistler and Lee’s (2009) research, Hip Hop fandom was shown to be a significant predicator of objectification of women. Long-term exposure to rap music videos by fans may reinforce traditional gender attitudes and cause distorted sexual norms. The academic work of Ward et al. (2005) illustrates how the retentional process of wishful identification (Hoffner & Buchanan, 2005; Kistler & Lee, 2009; Kistler et al., 2010) influence adolescents’ mate selection beliefs. Black adolescents who found rap music videos entertaining and identified with rap artists in a ‘desire to be like the artist’ kind of way, endorsed the sexual stereotypes in rap music videos. In addition, they thought that characteristics like being rich, attractive, cool and athletic are more important in men and women than being intelligent, nice or funny.

The images in current commercial rap music videos promote sex and materialism. This study will explore how and to what extent social comparison processes and cognitive processes influence the effects of commercial rap music videos on Black adolescents’ concepts of self. This study will address the following research questions:

  1. How and to what extent does consumption of commercial rap music videos, mediated through the cognitive process of involvement, influence the concepts of self of Black late male adolescents?
  2. How and to what extent does consumption of commercial rap music videos, mediated through the cognitive process of involvement, influence the concepts of self of Black late female adolescents?

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VIDEO! Global dialogues about Hip Hop culture: Amsterdam x Atlanta

In this video KIM explores people’s views of Hip Hop Culture from a global lens. KIM asked people in Amsterdam to formulate one question for people in Atlanta; the Atlanta participants answered and they each formulated one question for the people in Amsterdam, subsequently, the Amsterdam participants answered their questions. Different aspects of Hip Hop culture are being discussed in the video; the good, the bad and the ugly sides.

Please press the ‘fullscreen button’ for a fullscreen view.

This innovative media-project is part of KIM’s empirical research. KIM is in Atlanta to investigate how the images in Commercial Hip Hop Music Videos influence late adolescents’ concepts of self (physical attractiveness, romantic appeal and behavior). Although the participants in the video didn’t solely ask questions about the images in Hip Hop Culture, a lot of the answers will spark the debate on Hip Hop culture as a powerful global force……..discussion topics for days;)……KIM will use parts of this clip for her talks at Georgia State University ( African-American studies department) and other venues.